2011—2015年西藏日喀则市人民医院5岁以下住院儿童死亡因素分析

Death analysis of hospitalized children under 5 years old in Shigatse People′s Hospital from 2011 to 2015

目的分析西藏日喀则市人民医院5岁以下住院儿童死亡情况,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2015年12月西藏日喀则市人民医院收治的5岁以下住院儿童111例死亡病例的临床资料。结果西藏日喀则市人民医院2011-2015年5岁以下住院儿童中2011年死亡率4.84%,2015年死亡率2.36%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.20,P=0.01)。在所有年龄段中,新生儿期(0~28d)死亡病例最高(占58.56%)。主要死因为新生儿围生期疾病、肺炎、腹泻。新生儿5年死亡率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=26.64,P=0.00)。结论有效降低高原地区5岁以下住院儿童死亡率的关键是加强围产期保健、提高产科人员的技术水平、提升危重症的急救能力、普及科学知识和健康教育知识。

Objective To analyze the death status of hospitalized children under 5years old in Shigatse People′s Hospital,and to provide a basis for effective intervention. Methods A retrospective statistical analysis was performed in 111 death cases of hospitalized children under 5years old from 2011 to 2015. Results From2011 to 2015,the mortality of hospitalized children under 5years old in Shigatse People′s Hospital decreased from 4.84% in 2011 to 2.36%in 2015（χ^2=6.20,P=0.01）.The death rate of new born babies of under 28 days was the highest,accounting for 58.56% of total death and the major causes of death were perinatal diseases,pneumonia and diarrhea.The difference of annual death rate of new born babies in 5year study period was significant（χ^2=26.64,P=0.00）. Conclusions The key to reduce the mortality of hospitalized children under five years old is to strengthen perinatal care,improve technical skill of obstetrician and the ability of providing emergency care to patients in critical condition,as well as to propagate scientific knowledge and health education.