“网约车”治理中的政府角色转向研究——基于制度社会学的分析视角

A Study on the Shift of Governmental Roles in the Process of Governance on the Platforms of Online Car-hailing:Based on the Perspective of the Intuitional Sociology

互联网技术的崛起,共享经济理念的盛行,传统出租车的供需失衡,监管制度的缺位,以及互联网公司的助推,促使中国网约车平台快速形成并极速发展。然而,网约车平台内部失序,平台之间的恶性竞争,网约车与传统出租车的激烈对抗,以及平台合法性身份的暂时缺失,使得网约车平台面临发展窘境。依托"2016网约车新规",基于制度社会学视角,分析了政府治理网约车平台的角色转向,即由针对传统出租车产业的管理导向的"管控型"角色转向了对现代网约车平台的引导与服务导向的"互动型"角色。最后,基于制度社会学视角对政府角色如何恰当匹配互联网新兴事物进行了进一步剖析。

With the rise of internet technology, popularity of the idea ofthe sharing economy, imbalance between supply and demand of traditional taxi industry, absence of institutional regulations, and boost of internet compa-nies, the Chinese platforms of online car-hailing have come into being quickly and developed rapidly.However, the disorder with in the platforms of online car-hailing, the harsh competitions between the platforms, the ferce confrontation between online car-hailing and traditional taxis, and the temporary absence of its legal identi-tyall make these platforms face many challenges. Taking the new regulations on the online car-hailing in 2016 as the issue, and based on the perspective of the institutional sociology, the paper analyzes the shift of govern-mental roles in the process of governance on the platforms of online car-hailing, and this shift is from the dom-inating-centered “controlling roles” to service-centered “interactional roles”. At last, the paper discusses the proper roles the government plays in governing the new online platforms from the perspective of the institutional sociology.