国际应对气候变化所致小岛屿国家损失和损害研究

The Research on International Responses to the Small Island Countries' Loss and Damage Caused by Climate Change

气候变化所致小岛屿国家损失和损害可定义为由人类温室气体排放行为引起的气候变化导致的在生命、健康、财产、环境等方面出现的严重威胁小岛屿国家生存和可持续发展的可避免的或不可避免的、实际的或潜在的不利后果。气候变化所致小岛屿国家损失和损害不同于跨界损害。分析气候变化所致小岛屿国家损失和损害责任的性质,本文认为这一责任不是赔偿责任而是特殊的补偿责任,它是应对气候变化领域国家责任理论的进一步发展。应对气候变化所致小岛屿国家损失和损害的关键性措施是:减少温室气体排放和完善"华沙机制"建立减灾体系。

Small island countries＇ loss and damage caused by climate change refers to the practical or potential unfavorable consequence concerning life,health,property and environment,avoidable or unavoidable,which suffers from climate change caused by greenhouse gases emission of human activities.Such loss and damage are different from the transboundary damage.Furthermore,the paper proposes that such responsibility is a special responsibility of compensation,a further development of the theory of the national responsibility.Key measures to cope with the loss and damage are：to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and perfect the ＂Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage＂,establishing the system of disaster reduction.