2012年-2016年辽宁某院住院育龄妇女疾病构成分析

Analysis on the Disease Composition about Hospitalized Women of Childbearing Age of a Hospital in Liaoning Province from 2012 to 2016

目的分析住院育龄妇女疾病构成,为临床防治提供依据。方法通过某医院病案管理系统提取2012年-2016年15岁~49岁住院育龄妇女患者病案首页资料,按照国际疾病分类(ICD-10)对主要出院诊断进行分类,采用SPSS20.0进行统计分析。结果住院育龄妇女前3位疾病分别为妊娠分娩和产褥期、肿瘤和泌尿生殖系统疾病,占全部育龄妇女住院人数的72.07%。25岁~34岁是育龄妇女生育的主要年龄段,35岁~49岁是育龄妇女肿瘤和泌尿生殖系统疾病的高发年龄段。2012年-2016年妊娠、分娩和产褥期构成比呈上升趋势(Trend-χ~2=1297.514,P<0.001)。子宫平滑肌瘤是住院育龄妇女最主要的良性肿瘤。子宫颈恶性肿瘤和乳腺恶性肿瘤是住院育龄妇女最主要的两大恶性肿瘤。子宫内膜息肉是住院育龄妇女最主要的生殖系统疾病。结论前3位疾病是某院住院育龄妇女的防治重点,加强育龄妇女肿瘤和生殖系统疾病的筛查以进一步提高产前检查与分娩服务质量,普及女性生殖健康教育来提高育龄妇女健康水平和生活质量。

Objectives To analyze the disease composition of hospitalized women of childbearing age from 2012 to 2016, and provide evidence for the clinical prevention and treatment. Methods The case records of from 15 to 49 years old women of childbearing age inpatients in the hospital were collected from 2012 to 2016, and based on the first diagnose, the diseases were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases （ICD-10）. The data were analyzed using SPSS20. 0 software. Results The top 3 diseases of hospitalized women of childbearing age respectively were： pregnancy childbirth and the puerperium, the tumor, and diseases of the urogenital system, accounted for 72.07% of all hospital admissions. The major of age portion of 25~34 years was in hospitalization women of childbearing age with fertility. The major of age portion of 35 to 49 years was in hospitalization women of childbearing age with the tumor and diseases of the urogenital system. The constituent ratio of pregnancy childbirth and the puerperium increased from 2012 to 2016 （Trend-z2=t297. 514, P〈0. 001）. Uterine leiomyoma was the most important benign tumor. Cervical cancer and breast cancer were the main two malignant tumors, endometrial polyp was the most important diseases of the urogenital system. Conclusions The top 3 diseases of hospitalized women of childbearing age were the most cautions. To improve the quality of antenatal examination and childbirth service, we should strengthen the screening of tumor and urogenital system diseases for women of childbearing age. At the same time, we should strengthen the reproductive health education of the women so as to improve the health level of women of childbearing age and quality of life.