我国法治政府建设地区差异的定量分析

Quantitative Analysis of Regional Differences in the Construction of Law-based Government in China

地方法治政府的建设水平是全国法治政府建设的微观镜像。通过对地方政府法治水平的全面评估,验证了区域法治发展不平衡的客观现实。这种不平衡既表现为东、中、西部之间的法治水平存在差异,也表现为不同区域城市间均衡度不同。通过相关性分析发现,城市的法治政府状况与GDP、人均收入等经济指标之间存在正相关,这种相关性在东部和西部表现的更加明显。中部部分省市的政治推动也起到了重要作用,在一定程度上稀释了经济的基础作用。区域所具有的相同或者相似的文化因素缩小了城市间的差异,提高了区域政府法治状况的趋同度。区域法治水平差距的加大存在影响国家法治平衡和统一的可能性,也会加剧经济和社会发展的不平衡。不同地区应根据本地区特点探索加快法治进步的着力点。政务公开对于法治相对落后地区可以起到"牵一发动全身"的倒逼作用。地方政府应当加大公众参与力度,提高行政决策民主化程度,增强社会对于法治进步的"获得感"。

The construction of local law-based government is the micro-representation of that in the whole China. It has been proved that the objective reality of uneven development existing among re- gional law-based government, through the comprehensive evaluation of local governments. This imbal- ance is manifested by the differences in the law-based government between the eastern, middle and western China, as well as the varied equilibrium degrees in different regions. There is a positive rela- tionship between the status of law-based government and economic indicators such as GDP and per ca- pita income, and this correlation is more obvious in the eastern and Western regions. Political promo- tion in some central provinces and cities plays an important role, which dilutes the basic role of the e- conomy to some extent. The same or similar cultural factors in a region reduce the differences between cities, and improve the convergence of the rule of law in the regional government. The increase of re- gional gap of rule of law is affecting the possibility of balance and unification of the rule of law in the country, thus intensifying the imbalance of economic and social development. Different regions should explore ways of speeding up the progress of the rule of law on the basis of their own characteristics. Openness of government affairs can become a forcing mechanism with the butterfly effect in regions that are relatively backward in the developed rule of law. Local governments should strive to increase public participation, improve democratization of administrative decision-making, and enhance the people＇ s ＂sense of gain＂ in the development of the rule of law.