国外复辟喜剧研究的流变

Shifts of Studies on Restoration Comedy Abroad

通过详细梳理国外学者对复辟喜剧三个世纪的研究,本文认为围绕复辟喜剧是否具有道德教诲,早期学者进行了长时间的争论;20世纪后,随着现代批评理论的出现,道德教诲不再成为研究的焦点,学者们从多方面揭示复辟喜剧的艺术魅力。从17世纪到20世纪,复辟喜剧研究大致实现了五次转向:1.用现实主义和风俗论反驳复辟喜剧"不道德"的指责;2.侧重浪漫主义逃离论的研究;3.历史主义批评;4.现代理论研究;5.戏剧表演学研究。总体来说,国外对复辟喜剧的研究已由松散的印象式批评步入专业化的学术批评。

By examining the researches done by overseas scholars within three centuries, this paper finds out that previous scholars have disputed for a long time whether the restoration comedy has morality instruction or not. After 20th century, with the appearance of new critical theories, morality instruction is no longer the focus of study. Scholars begin to reveal the artistic charm of restoration comedies from various perspectives. From 17th century to 20th century, the restoration comedy has experienced five turns as follows. 1. Refuting the charges that restoration comedies are immoral with the criteria of realistic plays and comedy of manners; 2. Emphasizing studies on escapism of romanticism; 3.Studies from the perspective of historicism; 4.Studies based on modern theories; 5.Studies from the perspective of theater performing theories. Through years of efforts, the study of restoration comedy abroad turns to be more professional and academic.