2014-2016年常州市生活饮用水总α/β放射性水平监测与分析

The Monitoring and Analysis of Gross α/β in Drinking Water in ChangZhou City(2014-2016)

目的了解2014-2016年常州市生活饮用水(水源水和出厂水)总α和总β的放射性水平,为常州地区饮用水风险监测提供参考依据。方法采用GB/T 5750.13-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法放射性指标》中标准曲线法和薄样法分别测定水样中的总α和总β水平,根据GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》和WHO《饮用水水质准则》第四版对监测结果进行评价。结果 2014-2016年常州地区5辖市所采集测量的水源水和出厂水总α活度浓度范围分别为0.011~0.087 Bq/L和0.010~0.087 Bq/L;而总β活度浓度范围分别为0.071~0.250 Bq/L和0.051~0.170 Bq/L,水源水和出厂水两者之间的总α/β放射性水平均无统计学差异(P>0.05),另外,常州市5个辖市区居民在丰水期和枯水期通过饮用水所致辐射暴露的年均有效剂量范围为0.012~0.027mSv。结论 2014-2016年常州地区5辖市所采集测量的水源水和出厂水总α活度和总β活度均低于GB 5749-2006放射性指标指导值和WHO的推荐限值(总α和总β活度指导值和推荐限值,分别为0.5 Bq/L和1 Bq/L),常州地区居民通过饮用水所致的辐射暴露的年有效剂量也低于WHO的参考水平(年有效剂量限值:0.1 mSv/a)。

Objective To understand radioactivity level of gross alpha and gross beta in drinking water （The source water and the tap water） in Changzhou city from 2014 to 2016, to provide reference for drinking water risk monitoring in Changzhou area. Methods Water samples were tested in accordance with the Chinese Standard GB/T 5750.13 -2006＂ Standard exami- nation methods for drinking water radioactivity index＂. The test results were prepared following the Chinese Standard GB5749 -2006＂ Standards for drinking water quality＂ and WHO ＂Guidelines for Drinking - Water Quality＂. Results From 2014 to 2016, the gross alpha concentration ranges between 0.011 to 0.087Bq/L for the source water and 0.010 - 0.087 Bq/L for the tap water. The gross beta coneentration ranges were 0.071 - 0. 250 Bq/L for the source water and 0.051 -0. 170 Bq/L for the tap water, The radioactivity level of gross alpha and gross beta has no statistically significant differences between the source water and the tap water. In addition, the average annual effective dose range of the five urban residents in Changzhou during wet season and dry season was 0.012 - 0.027mSv. Conclusion The radioactivity level of gross alpha and gross beta in drink- ing water in Changzhou city from 2014 to 2016 were all below the guideline of radioactivity index specified in GB 5749 -2006 and WHO ＂Guidelines for Drinking - Water Quality＂, the average annual effective doses of the five areas under the adminis- tration of Changzhou were also below WHO reference level （annual effective dose limit： 0.1 mSV/a）.