章太炎早年参加书院课艺活动钩沉

An Exploration of Scholarly Activities wherein Zhang Taiyan Partook in his Early Years

章太炎投身政治活动以前,就读于杭州诂经精舍,曾多次参与上海、宁波等地书院的课艺活动,经《申报》披露其获奖信息的就有17次,涉及上海求志书院、格致书院与宁波辨志精舍,内容有经学、史学、舆地、数学与时务等方面,获奖名次有超等、特等与一等。通过此类活动,他与相关书院的教习建立了师生的名分,结识了一批课友,拓宽了社交网络,也获得了一些奖金。这是章太炎早年参加的公开学术活动,是他学术生涯的重要部分,从中可以窥见他早年的阅读范围与学养程度,也可以看出他对于时务的关注程度。

Prior to the time when Zhang Taiyan became an active political player,he studied in Gujing jingshe,a Hangzhou-based academy devoted to the practical Confucian learning,and partook many times in scholarly activities organized by various academies in Shanghai,Ningbo and so on.Accordingly to Shen Bao,Zhang had won seventeen academic awards in this time.Such awards were conferred by the Shanghai-based Qiuzhi and Gezhi academies,as well by the Ningbo-based Bianzhi jingshe.The awards that Zhang had won included superior,special and first-class ones.Due to his active participation in such scholarly activities,Zhang established close contact with such elite academies,made friends with scholars,extended his social network,and received bonuses.Such academic activities that Zhang participated in his early years were part and parcel of his scholarly life.It was through the prism of such activities that readers can understand well the prominent scholar's scope of reading,degree of refinedness of his scholarship,and how close the attention he paid to current affairs.