试论汉语中的“诗语”

A Discussion on Chinese Poetic Diction

本文将汉语中主要用于诗歌的一部分词汇定义为"诗语"。汉语"诗语"包括三种类型:形容词中的叠音词和联绵词;藻饰性词语;由常用词组合而成的更为普通的诗语。汉语"诗语"中有一部分成为通用词语,乃至进入现代书面语和口语,而不是像欧洲语言中的诗语那样与其他词语形成完全不同的层级。

This article defines the poetic diction in ancient Chinese as the vocabulary used mainly in poems. Three categories of Chinese poetic diction are identified:(1) reduplicated adjectives and adjectives of disyllable biomes,(2) ornamental words,and (3) poetic diction composed of common phrases. Unlike most Indo-European poetic diction that is distinguished from ordinary language,a part of the Chinese poetic diction has evolved into ordinary language,and is used in modern written and spoken language.