联动式健康教育模式在妊娠糖尿病患者中的应用

Application of Linkage Health Education Model in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的:探讨联动式健康教育模式在妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取建立妊娠档案的128例GDM患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各64例,对照组妊娠期实施常规性健康教育,观察组妊娠期在常规健康教育的基础上实施联动式健康教育模式;对两组患者随访至分娩,比较两组血糖控制效果、疾病知识水平及妊娠结局情况。结果:干预后两组体重指数(BMI)、空腹血糖(FGP)、餐后2 h血糖(2h FGP)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)水平均低于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.01);干预后两组自控饮食、运动锻炼、药物治疗、血糖监测、并发症预防等方面知识评分明显高于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.01);观察组血糖控制良好率、满意率明显高于对照组(P<0.01),而剖宫产、巨大儿、胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息、产褥期感染发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:联动式健康教育模式能有效提高GDM患者的疾病认知水平,有利于患者控制血糖,降低不良妊娠结局的发生。

Objective ：To explore the effect of linkage health education model in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）. Methods：A total of 128 cases of GDM patients with established pregnancy records as the research object were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 64 cases in each group. The control group carried out routine health education during pregnan- cy, while the observation group was implemented linkage type health education model on the basis of routine pregnancy health education. The two groups were followed up for delivery. The effects of blood glucose control, disease knowledge and pregnancy outcome were com- pared between the two groups. Results：After the intervention, two groups＇ body mass index （BMI）, fasting blood glucose （FGP）, 2 h post- prandial blood glucose （2 h FGP）, glycosylated hemoglobin （HbA~ c ） levels were significantly lower than those before the intervention （P 〈 0.05 ）, and the observation group＇s was significantly lower than that in the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. After the intervention, the two groups＇ scores of controlled diet, exercise, medication, blood glucose monitoring, prevention of complications were significantly higher than those be- fore the intervention （P 〈 0. 05 ）, and the observation group＇s was significantly lower than those in the control group （P 〈0. 01 ）. The obser- vation group＇s good glycemic control rate and satisfaction rate were significantly higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0.01 ） , and the infection rates of cesarean delivery, fetal macrosomia, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, puerperal period were significantly lower than those in the control group（ P 〈 0. 01, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion：The linkage type health education model can effectively improve the cognitive level of GDM patients, help patients control blood sugar, and reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.