输气管网第三方准入关键要素解析

Analysis on Key Factors for Third-party Access to Gas Transmission Pipeline Network

针对我国拟推行的天然气行业第三方准入制度,围绕第三方准入的7要素进行分析,包括:第三方准入服务、服务费率、容量分配机制、拥塞管理、平衡规则、容量交易以及准入条件等其他方面。针对7要素给出建议:运营商制定多种合同期限的管输合同,通过长短期合同组合的形式实现管道资源的最优利用;运营商制定并公布剩余能力计算方法,当第三方用户达到一定规模后,可考虑构建容量拍卖平台;市场发展初期采用非用即失规则,后期可考虑采用日前非用即失规则;监管机构制定平衡规则,为第三方准入有序实施提供法律保障;输气管网准入初期,管道运营商可向第三方提供管存灵活存取服务,允许用户的合同气量上下浮动10%,当市场化发展成熟时,可降低浮动比率至5%或以下;管网发展成熟时,成立国家管网公司和国家级油气调控中心,统一调配管网资源。

With regard to the third-party access system in natural gas industry proposed to be implemented in China, the paper analyzes the 7 factors about the third-party access, including thirdparty access services and rate, capacity assignment mechanism,congestion management, rule of equity, capacity transaction and access conditions. For the 7 factors, the paper puts forward following suggestions. The operators can formulate gas transmission pipeline contracts with different contract terms and realize the optimal utilization of pipeline resources through the combination of long-term and short-term contracts. The operators can formulate and publish a calculation method of residual capacity so that a capacity auction platform can be constructed if a third-party user reaches a certain capacity. At the initial stage of market development, the rule that the unused capacity of a user will be regarded as capacity loss can be implemented. At the later stage, the rule that the unused capacity of users should be regarded as capacity loss before a specific date can be implemented. The supervision organization can formulate balance regulations to provide legal guarantee for the smooth implementation of third-party access. At the initial gas transmission pipeline network access stage, the pipeline operators can provide flexible services for third parties and allow 10 % fluctuation of contract gas volume and they can lower floating rate to 5 %(or below)when the market development becomes mature. When the development of gas pipeline network enters a mature stage, a national pipeline network company and national level oil and gas control center can be established to have unified allocation of pipeline network resources.