《刑法》第292条第1款探析——聚众斗殴罪基本构成要件与加重构成要件

Study on Article 292. 1 of Criminal Law

聚众斗殴罪是一个讨论已久的罪名，但是依然有很多尚未解决或解决不当的问题。很多新颖的观点，本质上并没有坚实的法理基础。应当认为，一般参加者是主体认定的关键；斗殴不可拆分；成立本罪必须双方都满3人；流氓动机具有存在的必要性；“社会影响恶劣”和“造成社会严重混乱”的认定标准需要厘清；使用目的作为认定“械”的标准是较为妥当的；“多次”是累犯制度的一部分。

Although a long-discussed crime, .affray is still worth paying attention to because many problems relating to this crime remain unsolved or have not been solved in a satisfactory way. Many new views on this crime essentially lack a sound jurisprudential basis. This author believes that the following understandings are conducive to overcoming many difficulties faced by the theory and practice of the crime of affray： ordinary participators are the key to the determination of the subjects of the act;affray is a one indivisible act;the crime can be established only if the affray is participated by three or more persons on each side;the motivation of hooliganism is a necessary requirement for the establishment of the crime;some criteria for the determination of the crime, such as ＂having a very adverse social impact＂ or ＂resulting in serious social disturbance＂, need to be further clarified; the intended use of the ＂ tools＂ is the appropriate criterion for the determination of ＂ affray with tools＂ ; and ＂multiple times＂ is in essence a component part of the cumulative offense system.