少年司法的形成历史与普遍模式探究

A Research on the Formation History and General Model of Juvenile Justice

本文主要探讨了少年司法制度形成与发展的两种结构性模式．即“分离与累积”模式与“螺旋式循环”模式。第一部分介绍并论述了“分离与累积”模式中少年司法制度形成与发展的若干阶段，同时介绍并明确了日本少年司法制度的形成过程与特点。第二部分考察了在欧美各国及日本正在扩大的重罚化倾向与刑罚主义倾向，在此基础上介绍并分析了“螺旋式循环”模式，并得出结论：少年司法的分离与独立并不是线性发展的，相反，应当将其理解为螺旋式发展的过程。

This thesis mainly discussed two kinds of structural models of the formation and development of juvenile justice, that is ＂separate- accumulated＂ model and ＂spirally-circled＂ model. Part I introduced and discussed the stages of the formation and development of juvenile justice in the ＂separate-accumulated＂ model, meanwhile introduced and summed up the formation process and characters of the Japanese juvenile justice. Part II reviewed the growing trends of severe punishment and penalty in western countries and Japan, and introduced and analyzed the ＂spirally- circled ＂ model drawing the conclusion that the separation and independence of juvenile justice does not move in a straight line, on the contrary, it should be considered to be a spirally-developed process.