住院老年高血压病人合并焦虑、抑郁的危险因素分析

Risk factors of anxiety or depression in elderly hypertensive patients in hospital

目的探讨住院老年高血压病人合并焦虑、抑郁的危险因素。方法分别采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)对承德市中心医院老年病科住院的182例老年高血压病人进行焦虑、抑郁状态评估。焦虑组、抑郁组分别与非焦虑组、非抑郁组进行比较分析,采用多因素Logistic回归分析相关危险因素。结果焦虑危险因素为:居住农村(OR=8.757;95%CI:3.114~24.623)、服用5种及以上药物(OR=2.831;95%CI:1.353~5.924)、衰弱(OR=2.152;95%CI:1.046~4.427)。抑郁危险因素为:独居(OR=11.575;95%CI:2.459~54.489)、衰弱(OR=4.368;95%CI:2.128~8.969)、总蛋白降低(OR=2.998;95%CI:1.233~7.289)。结论居住农村、服用5种及以上药物、衰弱是住院老年高血压病人伴发焦虑的危险因素,而独居、衰弱、总蛋白降低是其伴发抑郁的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of anxiety or depression in elderly hypertensive patients in hospital. Methods A total of 182 elderly patients with hypertension in Chengde Central Hospital were evaluated by Hamilton anxiety scale（ HAMA,14） and Hamilton depression scale（ HAMD,24）. All cases were divided into depression group and non-depression group according to HAMD scores,or divided into anxiety group and non-anxiety group by HAMA score. The clinical factors of two groups were collected and compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the related risk factors of patients with anxiety or depression. Results The risk factors of anxiety included living in rural areas（ OR =8. 757; 95% CI： 3. 114-24. 623）,taking ≥ 5 kinds of drugs（ OR = 2. 831; 95% CI： 1. 353-5. 924）,frailty（ OR=2. 152; 95%CI： 1. 046-4. 427）. The risk factors of depression included living alone（ OR= 11. 575;95%CI： 2. 459-54. 489）,frailty（ OR = 4. 368; 95% CI： 2. 128-8. 969）,low level of total protein（ OR = 2. 998;95%CI： 1. 233-7. 289）. Conclusions Living in rural areas,taking ≥5 kinds of drugs,frailty may be associated with anxiety of elderly hypertensive patients in hospital. Living alone,frailty,low level of total protein may be associated with depression of elderly hypertensive patients in hospital.