不同矢状骨面型后牙微种植体植入安全区研究

The safe zones of posterior miniscrew implant placement in different sagittal skeletal features

目的:CBCT探究不同矢状骨面型后牙区植入微种植体的安全区域特征。方法:纳入骨性Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类患者各20名的CBCT数据,运用In Vivo 5.0软件重建,选择上下颌第一前磨牙远中至第二磨牙近中区域,分别测量距牙槽嵴顶2、4、6、8、10mm处的近远中向宽度,采用SPSS 19.0对测量结果进行统计学分析。结果:上颌距牙槽嵴高度4~8 mm,下颌距牙槽嵴高度超过4 mm根尖间隔区域是安全适宜的微种植体植入部位。上颌第一前磨牙和第二前磨牙根间骨量在骨性Ⅰ、Ⅱ类组>骨性Ⅲ类组(P<0.05),其它测量部位各组间无统计学差异。下颌后牙区各根间骨量多数表现为骨性Ⅲ类组>骨性Ⅰ、Ⅱ类组(P<0.05)。结论:上颌距牙槽嵴高度4~8 mm的第二前磨牙和第一磨牙间,下颌距牙槽嵴高度超过4 mm的第一和第二磨牙间的根尖间隔区域是相对安全的植入部位,不同骨面型存在一定差异。

Objective： To measure the mesio-distal interradicular space of posterior teeth at different height by CBCT. Methods： 60 subjects with skeletal Class I, II and III patterns were included（ n = 20）. From the distal of first premolar to the mesial of second molar ,the mesiodistal width at the height of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mm from the alveolar crest were measured and analysed. Results： The interradieular distance was larger than 3 mm within 4 - 10 mm height in maxilla and in mandible. The maxillary mesiodistal width values measured between the first premolar and second premolar in skeletal Class I and Class II pattern was greater than that in Class III （ P 〈 0. 05 ） and there was no significant difference in other zones. In the mandible, the values of skeletal Class III pattern were greater than those of skeletal Class I and Class II pattern（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion： The suitable interradicular zone is within 4 -8 mm to the alveolar crest between the second premolar and first molar for miniscrew implant placement in maxilla, and over 4 mm between the first molar and second molar in mandible. The difference of interradicular spaces in sagittal skeletal features is existed.