日俄战争后日本在东满的扩张战略(1905～1920)

Japan's Expansion Strategy in East Manchuria after Japan-Russia War(1905～1920)

间岛囊时并无军事价值,日俄战争后,形势激变,中日俄三国,皆趋重此地,谋战略设施。对日而言,间岛乃日本以朝鲜为跳板进入的唯一门户,战略地位相当重要,日本觊觎已久,企图伺机控制,攫取间岛主权。日俄战争结束不久,日本就开始了对间岛的多方渗透,军事扩张、领权扩张、政治扩张等多管齐下,强行设立了非法的"统监府间岛派出所",大肆推行军事扩张。但清政府态度强硬,大力抵制,坚决捍卫间岛主权。日本见攫取间岛主权并不现实,遂决定关闭派出所,转而开设领事馆,把非法的军事机构转为了符合国际公法的"领事机构",同时设立大量的民生机构,以民生之名行政治扩张之实,以更为隐蔽的方式推进在东满的深度扩张。

Abstract： Jiandao hardly featured any military value. However, Jiandao witnessed its escalated strategic value soon after the Japan-Russia War and the growingly fierce competition among China, Japan and Russia in this area. For Japan, Jiandao, with its critical strategic importance, served as the only gateway to enter East Manchuria through Korea and Japan had coveted its sovereignty so long that Japan was waiting for a chance to take it over. Not long after the Japan-Russia War, Japan infiltrated into Jiandao in terms of military, consulate and politics, illegally setting up an administrative center in Jiandao under the name of Japanese Resident-General of Korea. However, facing the strong attitude and counteraction of Qing Dynasty, Japan realized the impossibility of seizing the sovereignty of Jiandao. Consequently, Japan decided to shut down the administrative center and established a consulate instead, which means Japan converted an illegal military agency into a consulate abiding by international laws. Besides, Japan established an array of livelihood services as a cover for its expansion which progressed deeply into East Manchuria in a stealthier manner.