不同植物抑制剂对黄曲霉菌生长和产毒的影响

Effects of different plant inhibitors on the growth and toxin production of Aspergillus flavus

目的研究不同植物抑制剂对黄曲霉菌生长和产毒的影响。方法将产毒的黄曲霉菌接种在EMA培养基上,活化后分别培养在含不同浓度抑制剂的培养基中,在30℃的温度下恒温培养,通过观察抑菌圈直径的大小判断不同抑制剂对黄曲霉生长的影响,并将菌丝抽提使用酶标仪测定不同抑制条件下黄曲霉毒素含量。结果 0.2mg/mL的紫苏醛、烟草萜和香芹醇在第2d对黄曲霉菌生长抑制率分别为100%、67%和79%,第5d时分别降低到46%、63%和55%。柠檬醛、紫苏醛、香茅醇和芳樟醇处理组培养基中第5d时黄曲霉毒素含量很低,对照组中黄曲霉毒素含量是这4个处理组的2000倍以上,第6d时,6种植物抑制剂的抑制黄曲霉菌产毒能力都有所降低,但是0.2mg/mL的柠檬醛、紫苏醛、香茅醇、烟草萜和香芹醇仍具有较高的抑制黄曲霉菌产毒能力。结论柠檬醛、紫苏醛、烟草萜和香芹醇对黄曲霉菌的生长和产毒有着明显的抑制作用。

Objective To investigate the effects of different plant inhibitors on aflatoxin production and toxicity. Methods The toxic generating Asperigillus flavus was inoculated on the EMA culture medium, and then cultured with different concentrations of inhibitors after activation. While the Aspergillus flavus was grown on the constant temperature of 30℃ , the influence was able to be noticed by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone. After extracting the culture, the amount of aflatoxin was measured by ELISA.Results On the second day, the growth inhibition rates of Aspergillus flavus by 0.2 mg/mL perillaldehyde, tobacco terpene and carveol treatments were 100%, 67% and 79%, respectively, and on the fifth day were reduced to 46%, 63% and 55%. On the fifth day, the aflatoxin content in the media was very low after cultured by citral, perillaldehyde, citronellol and linalool. The aflatoxin content of these four groups were less than 1/2000 of the control group. On the sixth day, the inhibitory ability of six kinds of plant inhibitors was reduced, but 0.2mg/mL citral, perillaldehyde, citronellol, tobacco terpene and carveol also had high inhibitory ability of aflatoxin production.Conclusion Citral, perillaldehyde, tobacco terpene and carveol have obvious inhibitory effects on the growth and toxin production of Aspergillus flavus.