2014年-2016年温州市公共场所集中空调通风系统微生物污染状况调查

Microbial contamination of central air condition ventilation systems in public places of Wenzhou during 2014-2016

目的了解温州市公共场所集中空调通风系统微生物污染状况,为公共场所卫生监督管理提供依据。方法2014年-2016年对45家公共场所的集中空调通风系统样品进行检验。检测项目包括集中空调送风中和风管内表面的细菌总数和真菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌以及冷却水和冷凝水中的嗜肺军团菌,并对嗜肺军团菌分离株进行血清分型和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型。结果 2014年-2016年集中空调通风系统送风中细菌总数的合格率为55.56%,真菌总数合格率为62.22%,β-溶血性链球菌未检出;风管内表面细菌总数合格率为75.56%,真菌总数合格率为80.00%。冷却水和冷凝水中嗜肺军团菌的检出率为14.44%,13株嗜肺军团菌分离株血清型以LP1、LP3为主,分离株经PFGE聚类分析,可分为12种带型。结论温州地区公共场所集中空调系统存在一定程度污染,应加强集中空调系统的清洗消毒和卫生监督管理。

Objective To investigate the microbial contamination of central air conditioning ventilation systems in public places of Wenzhou,so as to provide evidence for standardizing and supervising in public places. Methods During 2014-2016,45 units with central air conditioning ventilation system were investigated through detection and evaluation of the following indexes,including the total bacterial count and total fungi count during the air-supply,the total bacterial count and total fungi count on the surface of air pipes,β-hemolytic streptococcus and Legionella pneumophila in cooling water and condensed water. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis（ PFGE） was used to describe the genetic polymorphism of isolates. Results During 2014-2016,the total bacterial count during the air-supply was 55. 56%,and total fungi count were 62. 22%,β-hemolytic Streptococcus were not detected. On the surface of air pipes,the qualified rate of total bacterial count and total fungi count were 75. 56% and80. 00%. The contamination rate of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water and condensed water was 14. 44%. The main serotypes were LP1 type and LP3 type in 13 isolates,which were analyzed by PFGE and were differentiated into 12 distinct patterns.Conclusion It has a certain degree of contamination in centralized air ventilation system in public places in Wenzhou. Effective measures should be strengthened,including disinfection and health supervision in centralized air-conditioning system.