水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料的制备

Synthesis of Waterborne Intumescent Fire-Retardant Coating for Steel Structure

以自制的丙烯酸乳液为成膜物质,聚磷酸铵为阻燃剂,季戊四醇为碳化剂,三聚氰胺和蛭石为发泡剂,加入适量的补强剂、填料和助剂制备水性膨胀型钢结构防火涂料。以粘结强度、耐水时间、膨胀度和剩炭率为指标,设计正交试验,考察了自制丙烯酸乳液、聚乙烯醇溶液和去离子水对粘结强度和耐水时间的影响,与聚磷酸胺、季戊四醇、三聚氰胺和蛭石对膨胀度和剩炭率的影响,并得出最佳的制备条件。实验结果表明:最佳制备条件为去离子水为20 g、自制丙烯酸乳液为35 g、聚乙烯醇溶液为5 g、蛭石为5 g、季戊四醇为12 g、三聚氰胺为4 g、聚磷酸胺为22 g。在最优条件下制备的防火涂料具有较好的应用性能,在涂层厚度为2.04 mm时,耐火极限为1.5 h。

A waterborne intumescent fire-retardant coating for steel structure was prepared from self-made polyacrylic emulsion as film-forming material, ammonium polyphosphate as fire retardant agent, tetramethylolmethane as carburetant, trimeric cyanamide, vermiculite as foaming agent in addition to the suitable proportion of intensifiers, fillers and additives. The influential factors on the properties including adhesion, water resistance time, intumescent rate and char yield of the coating were investigated. The result showed that the optimal intu- mescent fire-retardant coating can be obtained when the deionized water is 20 g, the self- made polyacrylie emulsion is 35 g, the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5 g, the vermiculite is 5 g, the tetramethylolmethane is 12 g, the trimeric cyanamide is 4 g, and the ammonium polyphosphate is 22 g. The prepared coating shows its fire-retardant limit was 1.5 h when the thickness of coating was 3.3 ram, indicating a good applicability.