血管性搏动性耳鸣研究进展

Research progress of vascular pulsatile tinnitus

搏动性耳鸣是一种较为罕见的耳鸣类型,约占耳鸣的4%,即所有人口中的10%左右受其困扰。此类耳鸣大多是由颅内及头颈部的血管或其他相关结构所产生,并经毗邻的骨性结构、血管、血流传至耳蜗,而使患者感受到的。据统计,搏动性耳鸣的病因复杂多样,文献报道多达56种。

Pulsatile tinnitus（PT）is relatively rare,which accounts for approximately 4% of patients with tinnitus.It originates from mostly vascular structures within the cranial cavity,head and neck region or thoracic cavity,and is transmitted to the cochlear by bony or vascular structures and the blood flow,stimulating patient′s hearing.It can be the patient′s subjective feelings,there can be objective performance.Vascular PT is more common than non-vascular PT.Vascular PT can be further classified by vessel of origin as arterial and venous ones,and the latter is more commonly seen clinically.It′s rhythm is synchronous with patients′pulse,and its tinnitus frequency is less than 600 Hz.The cause of pulsatile tinnitus is complex and diverse,and 56 cases are reported in the literature.Objective tinnitus or somatosensory,associated with tympanic membrane myoclonus,ear blood flow changes adjacent to blood vessels and other in vivo factors.While subjective tinnitus lacks a clear source of the body.PT′s pathogenesis has not been fully understood yet,so intensive study targeting PT is of great importance.This review focuses on the pathophysiological mechanisms,etiology,clinical manifestation,diagnosis and progress of treatment of vascular PT.