扬州地区青少年原发性手汗症患病情况调查分析

Survey of the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of primary palmar hyperhidrosis among adolescents in Yangzhou

目的调查扬州地区青少年人群中原发性手汗症的患病率及相关因素。方法采用整群随机抽样,抽取扬州地区大中学校各两所,以班级为单位,对学生进行现场问卷调查,获取调查数据,并作出诊断及严重程度分级。结果本次调查共发放问卷3 487份,回收3 299份,有效问卷3 083份,有效回收率为88.41%,其中男1 358例、女1 725例;初中生933例;高中生809例;大学生1 341例。根据诊断标准筛选出原发性手汗症患者104例(3.37%),其中男60例(4.41%)、女44例(2.55%),男性患病率高于女性(χ2=8.130,P<0.05),但严重手汗症患者女性多于男性,且女性更容易存在身体其他部位多汗。首次发病年龄主要集中于10~20岁,36.54%的患者有家族史。结论扬州地区青少年原发性手汗症患病率为3.37%,存在一定程度的性别差异,常合并其他部位多汗症状,且具有较明显的遗传倾向。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of primary palmar hyperhidrosis in adolescents in Yangzhou. Methods On-site questionnaire survey was performed on students selected by cluster random sampling from the two colleges and two high or middle schools, with each class as a unit. Data were collected through the questionnaire to make the diagnosis and severity grading. Results A total of 3 487 copies of the questionnaire were distributed in the survey and 3 299 were finished, among which 3 083 were effective with an effective rate of 88.41%. Among them, 1 358 respondents were males and 1 725 were females; 933 were middle school students, 809 high school students, and the remaining 1 341 college students. According to the diagnostic criteria, 104 respondents were diagnosed with palmar hyperhidrosis with an overall prevalence of 3.37%. There were 60 （4.41%） males and 44 （2.55%） females. Although the prevalence of palmar hyperhidrosis in males was higher than that of females （X^2=8.130, P〈0.05）, severe palmar hyperhidrosis was more often to be observed in females than in males, and females were also more likely to have hyperhidrosis in other parts of the body. In addition, the age of the first onset of the disease was mainly 10 to 20 years old and 36.54% of the patients had a family history. Conclusion The prevalence of palmar hyperhidrosis in adolescents in Yangzhou was 3.37%, and there is a significant difference in the gender. The palmar hyperhidros is often accompanied by hyperhidrosis symptoms of other parts of body, and the disease shows an obvious genetic predisposition.