干旱区不同灌溉方式下棉花生长与水分利用研究

Research on cotton growth and water utilization under different irrigation modes in drought areas

通过田间试验,研究不同灌水方式(膜下滴灌、地下滴灌与微润灌溉)和水分处理对棉花生长与水分利用的影响,结果表明:在单株叶面积方面,膜下滴灌﹥地下滴灌﹥微润灌溉,分别为0.79m2,0.7m2与0.57m2;地上部干物质积累量以膜下滴灌最大(55.3g),地下滴灌次之(38.16g),微润灌最小(18.3g);棉花根冠比,微润灌(0.6)>地下滴灌(0.52)>膜下滴灌(0.28);作物产量以膜下滴灌最大(3810kg/hm2),微润灌最小(3135kg/hm2),地下滴灌介于二者之间(为3720kg/hm2);从水分生产效率来看,微润灌高达1.43kg/m3,膜下滴灌和地下滴灌分别为0.82kg/m3和0.8kg/m3。研究结果对于指导当地棉花产业节水灌溉技术发展具有重要参考价值。

The influence of different water irrigation modes （ drip irrigation under plastic film, underground drip irrigation and micro-irrigation irrigation） and water treatment on the growth and water use of cotton are studied through field experiment. The results show that the drip irrigation under plastic film 〉 underground drip irrigation 〉 micro-irrigation in the aspect of single leaf area, respectively 0. 79m2, 0. 7m2 and 0. 57m2. Drip irrigation under plastic film has the maximum dry matter accumulation above the ground （55.3g） , which is followed by underground drip irrigation （38.16g） and micro- irrigation（18.3g）. The micro-irrigation（0.6） 〉 underground drip irrigation （0. 52） 〉 drip irrigation under plastic film in the aspect of cotton root shoot ratio. Drip irrigation under plastic film has the maximum crop yield （3810kg/hm2） , microirrigation irrigation has the minimum crop yield （3135kg/hm2） , and underground drip irrigation is between the maximum value and the minimum value （3720kg/hm2）. Micro-irrigation has the maximum water production efficiency 1.43kg/m3, and the value is respectively 0. 82kg/m3 and 0. 8kg/m3 for drip irrigation under plastic film and underground drip irrigation. The research results have important reference value for guiding water-saving irrigation technology development of local cotton industry.