孔雀石浮选行为研究

Study on Flotation Behavior of Malachite

为了系统地了解孔雀石可浮性的影响因素,对捕收剂种类(丁基黄药、羟肟酸)及其用量、矿浆pH值、活化剂硫化钠用量、抑制剂种类(六偏磷酸钠和水玻璃)及其用量对孔雀石纯矿物浮选的影响。结果表明:(1)在自然pH条件下,羟肟酸捕收孔雀石的能力强于丁基黄药;孔雀石纯矿物的天然可浮性并不好,单一丁基黄药无论在何用量、何pH值下的上浮率都不理想。(2)在无活化剂、且不调整矿浆pH的情况下,羟肟酸对孔雀石的捕收能力最强,丁基黄药最弱,丁基黄药+羟肟酸为孔雀石捕收剂时的最佳质量配合比为1∶3。(3)在无活化剂情况下,丁基黄药或羟肟酸均宜在pH=9左右的矿浆中浮选孔雀石;丁基黄药+羟肟酸宜在pH=5.8左右的矿浆中浮选孔雀石。(4)硫化钠的活化可明显提高孔雀石的可浮性,适宜活化的pH值为9.3左右,在此情况下,少量的丁基黄药即可高效捕收孔雀石。(5)六偏磷酸钠和水玻璃对孔雀石的浮选都有明显的抑制作用。

In order to systematically understand the influential factors of the flotation of malachite,the effects of the collector type（ butylexanthate and hydroxamic acid） and its dosage,pH value of pulp,dosage of sodium sulfide as activator,the inhibitor types（ sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass） and the effect of its dosage on flotation of pure Malachite mineral have been studied. The study results showed that：（1）Under the condition of natural pH,the floatability of hydroxamic acid to collect Malachite is stronger than butyl xanthate; floatability of Malachite pure natural mineral is not good,and the floating rate under any dosage,pH value of single butyl xanthate is not ideal.（2） Without activator and no adjusting the pulp pH value,hydroxamic acid had the strongest ability to collect Malachite,butylexanthate is the weakest,but the optimal mass ratio of butylexanthate and hydroxamic acid as collector of Malachite is 1∶ 3.（3）In the absence of activator,the flotation of Malachite with butylxanthate or hydroxamic acid should be operated under pulp pH value of 9. With additive of butylxanthate and hydroxamic acid,malachite can be floated in the pulp pH value around 5. 8.（4）The activation of sodium sulfide can obviously improve the floatability of malachite,and the suitable pH value for activation is about 9. 3. In this case,malachite can be efficiently collected with a small amount of butylxanthate.（5）Sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass have an obvious inhibiting behavior on the flotation of malachite.