高铁铝土矿铝铁分离技术现状

A Study on Separation Status and Technology of Aluminum and Iron from High-iron Bauxite

我国的铝土矿资源供给虽然不足,但大量的高铁铝土矿资源因为分离技术方面的原因而没有得到有效的开发利用。因此,开展高铁铝土矿资源的铝铁分离研究,提高氧化铝的品位和回收率,降低铁含量,对于综合利用高铁铝土矿具有实际意义。从物理法、包含化学的联合处理法、微生物法等方面综述了高铁铝土矿铝铁分离研究的现状,指出物理法能低耗地实现粗粒、易于单体解离高铁铝土矿石的铝铁分离;化学法可以完成复合型高铁铝土矿的铝铁分离,但不同性质的矿石需要选用与之相适应的工艺方案;微生物法虽然具有低耗、无污染的特点,但国内仍处于研究初期,因此,利用微生物处理高铁铝土矿石有望成为新的研究方向。

The supply of China＇s bauxite resources is insufficient,and a large number of high-iron bauxite has not been effectively developed and used due to the low separation technique. Therefore,it is of great practical sense to conduct a study on aluminum and iron separation for high-iron bauxite resources in order to improve the grade and recovery of alumina,and to reduce iron content. The current studies on aluminum and iron separation from high iron bauxite are reviewed including the physical method,chemical combined processing method,and microbiological method. Physical method can achieve separation of aluminum and iron from coarse high iron bauxite which is easily to be liberated; Chemical method can be used in aluminum and iron separation of the composite high-iron bauxite,while the choice of the process depends on the nature of the ore. At present,in spite of microbiological methods own the characteristics of low consumption and no pollution,studies on microbiological methods are still at the very beginning at domestic. So it＇s believed that the microbiological processing of composite high-iron bauxite can become a new research direction.