陕西省医疗职业防护管理现况调查分析

Investigation and analysis on the current situation of medical occupational protection management in Shaanxi province

目的了解陕西省医务人员职业防护管理现状,为制定职业暴露防护措施提供理论依据。方法根据自愿参加的原则,于2016年11月-12月向陕西省9个市的147所二级以上医院各类医务人员发放电子调查问卷,调查各医院职业暴露与防护管理现况,共回收问卷2386份,采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果医院感染控制科负责职业卫生防护的占81.3%(1939/2386);医院感染管理科、医务部、护理部的人员及主管医疗和护理的副院长中有44.2%(152/344)所在医院有物理、化学、生物等防护职业危险因素的管理制度;院领导和财务部门的人员中有56.8%(42/74)所在医院职业卫生不良事件处理经费由医院统一支出;临床/医技科室及后勤保障部门人员中有61.0%(1126/1845)所在医院为科室配备个人防护用品基数,有74.3%(1370/1845)所在岗位进行职业健康检查;医院感染管理科、医务部、护理部和党院办的人员中有39.2%(140/357)所在医疗机构职业防护培训频率每年1次或每年不足1次。结论陕西省医疗机构职业防护管理制度尚不够完善,管理经费及物质支持需进一步加强,医务人员职业防护培训还有些欠缺,应通过完善制度、加大经费投入和物质支持,加强教育培训等措施进一步规范医务人员职业防护管理工作。

OBJECTIVE To understand the current situation of occupational protection management among health care workers（HCWs）in Shaanxi province,so as to provide theoretical evidence for formulating preventive measures of occupational exposure.METHODS From Nov.2016 to Dec.2016,electronic questionnaires were conducted by HCWs in 147 hospitals in 9 cities of Shaanxi province,occupational exposure and protection management were surveyed by the principle of voluntary participation of HCWs.A total of 2386 questionnaires were collected and analyzed by SPSS 13.0 statistical software.RESULTS There were 85.6% （1939/2266）of the occupational protection management in hospitals specially responsible by the hospital infection control department.There were 44.2% （152/344）of HCWs who worked in the hospital infection management department,medical department,nursing department and the vice president in charge of medical care and nursing showed their hospitals had developed management system of occupational risk factors on physics,chemistry and biology.Handling expenditures of occupational health adverse events in hospitals where 56.8% （42/74）of the hospital leaders and finance department workers worked were by the hospital expenses.There were 61.0% （1126/1845）of HCWs who worked at the clinical or medical laboratory and logistics departments showed their hospitals had provided personal protective equipment base for them.There were 74.3% （1370/1845）of HCWs took occupational health check.There were 39.2% （140/357）of HCWs who worked at the hospital infection management department,medical department,nursing department and institute office showed their hospitals organized training on occupational protection once each year,or less than once each year.CONCLUSIONThe medical occupational protection and management system is imperfect,management funding and material support is insufficient,and the occupational protection training is shortage in medical institutions in Shaanxi province,so we should further standardize the occupational protection management of HCWs by improving the institutional system,increasing the investment in money and material support,and strengthening the education and training.