高压直流电缆绝缘用聚丙烯及其纳米复合材料的研究进展

Research Achievements in Polypropylene and Polypropylene/Inorganic Nanocomposites for HVDC Cable Insulation

聚丙烯因具有优异的电气和耐热性能,同时符合环保可回收电缆绝缘材料的发展需求,从而引起广泛关注。纳米掺杂可有效改善聚丙烯纳米复合材料的电气、机械和热学性能,为其在高压直流电缆绝缘中的应用提供了新思路。为此介绍了聚丙烯及其纳米复合材料的研究进展,论述了纳米掺杂对改善聚丙烯及其多元共混物的空间电荷行为、电树枝老化、击穿强度等电气性能以及导热和机械性能的影响规律,探讨了聚丙烯纳米复合材料在不同环境下的老化机理。分析表明对纳米颗粒进行表面处理可减少纳米团聚、加强界面作用,提升聚丙烯纳米复合材料的综合性能。最后对聚丙烯纳米复合材料应用于高压直流电缆绝缘材料的可行性及未来发展趋势进行了总结和展望。

Due to its excellent electrical and thermal performances, as well as satisfying the needs of developing the environmentally friendly and recyclable cable insulation material, polypropylene has caused widespread concern. Nano-doping can effectively improve the electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of polypropylene nanocomposites, which provides a new method to solve the problems in its application in HVDC cable insulation. We introduce research achievements in polypropylene and polypropylene/inorganic nanocomposites, and present the effects of nano-doping on the electrical properties（such as space charge behaviors, electrical tree ageing, breakdown strength, etc.）, thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties of the polypropylene and its multi-blends. The ageing mechanism under different conditions is also discussed. The analysis shows that the surface treatment of nanoparticles can reduce the aggregation of nanoparticles and strengthen the interface effect, thus improving the comprehensive properties of polypropylene nanocomposites. We also summarize the feasibility and future development of the polypropylene and its nanocomposites application in the insulation of HVDC cables.