精神分裂症患者及其未发病一级亲属跨期决策的研究

The study of intertemporal decision-making of schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings

目的探讨精神分裂症患者跨期决策能力是否受损,及其未发病一级亲属是否也存在一定程度上跨期决策能力的受损。方法选取25例精神分裂症患者,25名患者未发病的一级亲属及30名与年龄、教育程度相匹配的健康对照者,采用延迟折扣(Delay-discount)中文版实验范式评价跨期决策能力、成套的神经心理学测试分析三组神经心理学特征。折扣率k值反映跨期决策能力。结果患者组,亲属组及对照组的k值分别为(0.005±0.009),(0.011±0.014),(0.024±0.029),差异有统计学意义(F=9.487,P<0.001);其中患者组与对照组、亲属组与对照组之间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),而患者组与亲属组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。k值与一般神经心理学背景测试之间相关性差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者跨期决策能力受损,未发病一级亲属也存在一定程度上跨期决策能力的损伤。

Objective To explore whether the ability of intertemporal choice is impaired in schizophrenic patients and in their unaffected siblings. Methods Twenty-five schizophrenia patients, twenty-five unaffected siblings of patients and thirty healthy controls were recruited in the study. ＂Delay-discounting＂ task and a battery of cognitive neuropsychological assessment were used to examine the intertemporal decision-making. Results（1） the value of k was（（0.005 ±0.009 in schizophrenia, 0.011 ±0.014 in unaffected siblings and 0.024 ±0.029 in healthy controls, respectively.There was significant difference in k value among these three groups（F =9.487, P〈0.001）. There were significant differences in k value between patients group and healthy controls, and between unaffected siblings and healthy controls（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference between schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings（P〈0.05）.（2） Pearson correlation analysis not showed any relationship between neuropsychological test and the value of k. Conclusion The ability of intertemporal choices is impaired in schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings to a great degree.