广东省惠州市惠东县空气污染对居民死亡率的影响研究

Study on the influence of air pollution of Huidong county in Huizhou city at Guangdong province

目的评价空气污染物的暴露对居民死亡率的影响。方法收集2013年6月~2015年6月广东省惠州市惠东县的气象资料、空气污染物资料及居民非外因死亡数据,对空气污染物及居民死亡率进行Spearman相关性分析。结果 2013~2015年惠东县PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、O_3的平均浓度分别为(45.3±12.0)μg/m^3、(26.1±8.4)μg/m^3、(71.3±21.5)μg/m^3,平均温度(21.2±4.1)℃,相对湿度(72.3±10.2)%,总死亡人数为5402人,日均死亡人数为(7.2±5.1)人。PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、O_3等空气污染物之间均呈正相关(0.61~0.72),空气污染物与平均温度及相对湿度呈低度负相关(-0.22^-0.32)。空气污染物在滞后1d情况下对居民死亡率影响较大,PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、O_3提高10μg/m^3使居民死亡率增加了1.41%、1.64%及3.04%。结论各种空气污染物PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、O_3均会导致居民非外因死亡率的增加,且在滞后1d的情况下效应最明显。

Objective To evaluate the impact of air pollutant exposure on population mortality. Methods From June 2013 to June 2015, the data of meteorological data, air pollutant data and residents＇ non-exogenous deaths of huidoug county in huizhou city at guangdong province were collected, spearman correlation analysis was carried out on air pollutant and resident mortality. Results The average concentrations of PM2.5. PM10, O3 were （45.3 ± 12.0）μg/m3, （26.1 ± 8.4）μg/m3, （71.3 ± 21.5） μg/m3 respectively in Huidong county from 2013 to 2015. The average temperature was （21.2 ± 4.1）℃, the relative humidity was （72.3 ± 10.2）%, total death toll was 5402 cases, average daily death was （7.2 ± 5.1） cases. There were a positive correlation （0.61-0.72） between air pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, 03 and so on, air pollutants were negatively correlated with average temperature and relative humidity（-0.22 - -0.32）. The effect of air pollutants on the mortality of residents was greater in the 1 day lag, the death rate increased by 1.41%, 1.64% 及 3.04% with the increase 10 μg/m3 of PMI0, PM2.5, O3. Conclusion All kinds of air pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, O3 can increase the non-exogenous death rate of residents, and the effect is most obvious in the case of 1 day lag.