现代企业管理中分与合的新模式

New Models of Separation and Integration in Modern Enterprises Management

企业规模越大,越容易发挥规模经济效应,但是有可能在应变方面遇到挑战;企业规模小,则管理灵活并更容易适应变化,但是在竞争中可能处于劣势。互联网给企业发展带来了新的机会,同时又使企业面临更复杂的环境和更大的不确定性。以分为合、以合为分是企业调整结构、增强适应性、提高抗风险能力的两种不同手段。以分为合,通过将原本属于一个整体的内部风险分解为多个单元,从而增加了柔性,有助于利用外部资源和技术变革机会,提高了企业的市场响应能力,促进了企业创新。以合为分,通过专业化的合并将外部风险转移到内部控制中,成立独立单元后,企业不仅可以降低成本、提高效率,还能够保持适应性和灵活性。现代企业可以通过多种分合新模式,组合资源,调整结构,构筑强韧的应变系统。

Larger-scale enterprises are easier to achieve effects of scale economy as well asto meet challenges in resilience, while small-scale ones have more flexibility in management,more adaptability in changes and less advantages in competition. The Internet brings newopportunities to the development of enterprises and presents more complicated context and largeruncertainty for corporations at the same time. Two different methods are employed by companiesto adjust structure, enhance resilience and improve anti-risk ability: one is taking separation asintegration, namely enhancing resilience, improving market responsiveness and facilitatinginnovation of enterprises by separating the internal risks as a whole into several units and thenutilizing external capital and opportunities of technology transformation; the other is takingcoordination as integration, which means to reduce costs, improve efficiency and maintainresilience and flexibility by specialized integration to transfer external risks into internal controlas separate units. In a word, modern enterprises can coordinate resources, adjust structuresand construct strong reaction system by various separation-coordination model.