1万t重载货车车钩载荷分布特性研究

Research on Coupler Load Distribution Characteristics of 10000t Heavy Haul Train

为实现新运行条件下重载货车车钩的安全可靠性设计和评估,根据线路实测获取的车钩载荷-时间历程进行1万t重载货车车钩载荷分布特性研究。因传统参数估计存在不足,采用对数据分布不需要任何形式假定的核密度估计方法分析车钩载荷极值特性。采用雨流计数法编制车钩载荷的均值-幅值二维谱,从而得到车钩的脉动拉伸载荷谱和脉动压缩载荷谱,统计分析载荷与其出现次数的关系。研究结果表明,按超越概率10-6所对应的最大拉伸载荷为1 716kN,最大压缩载荷为1 651kN;小于400kN的载荷出现次数占全部载荷出现次数的多数,但造成的损伤在整个车钩损伤中的比重较小,且空车载荷造成的损伤相比重车载荷造成的损伤可以忽略。

In order to carry out the design and evaluation of the safety and reliability of heavy haul train under the new operating conditions,the coupler load distribution characteristics of 10000 t heavy haul train were studied based on the measured coupler load-time history.Considering the shortcomings of the traditional pa-rameter estimation method,the kernel density estimation method,which does not require any assumption on the data distribution form,was adopted to analyze the limit load distribution characteristics of the coupler load. By means of the rain flow counting method,two-dimensional mean and amplitude spectrum of coupler load was compiled and the pulsating tensile load and compression load spectra were obtained.The relationship between the load and the number of load occurrences was statistically analyzed.The results showed that the maximum tensile load was 1736 kN and the corresponding maximum compressive load was 1651 kN on the exceedance probability of 10-6 .The occurrences of loads under 400 kN accounted for the majority of all occurrences.How-ever,the damage caused by the loads under 400 kN accounted for smaller proportion in the total coupler dam-age.The damage caused by empty load condition can be ignored compared with the damage caused by heavy load condition.