2010-2014年湖北省医院感染现患率与抗菌药物使用变化趋势

Prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial use in Hubei Province in 2010-2014

目的了解湖北省医疗机构住院患者医院感染和抗菌药物使用的变化趋势,为提高医院感染管理水平提供科学依据。方法对2010、2012、2014年湖北省医院感染横断面调查结果进行分析。结果2010、2012、2014年医院感染现患率分别为3.48%(1 526/43 909)、3.03%(1 919/63 320)和2.86%(2 174/76 145),总体呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ2=36.44,P<0.01)。抗菌药物使用率逐年下降,从2010年的54.29%(23 838/43 909)下降至2014年的41.02%(31 238/76 145),差异有统计学意义(χ2=2 194.09,P<0.01)。治疗使用抗菌药物患者的细菌培养送检率逐年提高,从2010年的30.49%(4 297/14 091)提高至2014年的52.13%(10 556/20 248)(χ2=1 593.98,P<0.01)。结论湖北省医院感染现患率呈下降趋势,横断面抗菌药物使用率逐步下降。

Objective To study the changing trend of prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection （HAI） and antimicrobial use in hospitalized patients in medical institutions of Hubei Province, and provide a scientific basis for improving HAI management. Methods The cross-sectional survey results of HAI in Hubei Province in 2010, 2012, and 2014 were analyzed. Results The prevalence rates of HAI in 2010, 2012, and 2014 were 3.48%（1 526/ 43 909）, 3.03%（1 919/63 320）, and 2.86%（2 174/76 145）respectively, which showed a downward trend, differ- ence was statistically significant（X2 = 36.44,P〈0.01）. Antimierobial usage rate decreased from 54.29% （23 838/ 43 909） in 2010 to 41.02% （31 238/76 145） in 2014, difference was statistically significant（X2 = 2 194.09, P% 0.01）. Among patients receiving therapeutic use of antimicrobial agents, the specimen detection rate increased from 30.49% （4 297/14 091） in 2010 to 52.13%0 （10 556/20 248） in 2014 （X2 = 1 593.98, P〉0.01）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of HAI showed a downward trend in Hubei Province, cross-sectional survey on antimicrohial use showed a gradual decrease.