1595例大肠息肉患者临床特征及其结肠癌检出率分析

Analysis of Clinical Features and Detection Rate of Colon Cancer in 1595 Cases of ColorectalPolyps

【目的】探讨1595例大肠息肉患者临床特征及结肠癌检出情况。【方法】收集接受肠镜检查并确诊为大肠息肉1595例（1805枚息肉）患者的临床资料，分析大肠息肉患者临床特征及其结肠癌检出情况。【结果】不同性别大肠息肉患者年龄分布比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05），大肠息肉患者所占比例随年龄增长呈递增趋势，41～50岁患者比例明显升高，以〉60岁患者最高，与≤40岁患者相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。1805枚息肉中腺瘤性息肉占55．01％（993／1805）高于非腺瘤性44．99％（812／1805）（P〈0．05）；升结肠、降结肠、横结肠、乙状结肠及直肠部位以腺瘤性息肉为主，回盲部以非腺瘤性息肉为主，两者相比较差异均有显著性（P〈0．05）。共检出结肠癌304例（312枚息肉），检出率为19．06％。大肠息肉癌变患者与无癌变患者其年龄、息肉大小、病理类型、息肉部位比较差异有显著性（P〈O．01）。【结论】大肠息肉的发病风险随患者年龄增长而增加，以升结肠、降结肠、横结肠、乙状结肠及直肠部位的腺瘤性息肉和回盲部的非腺瘤性息肉较为常见；高龄、息肉体积大、升结肠和直肠部位的腺瘤性息肉可增加结肠癌发生风险。

[Objective]To analyze the clinical features of colorectal polyps and detection of colon cancer in 1595 cases.[Methods]The clinical general data of 1595 cases with colorectal polyps （1805 polyps） who under- went colonoscopy were collected and analyzed.[Results] There was no significant difference in age distribution between patients with colorectal polyps of different gender （ P 〈0.05）. The proportion of patients with color- ectal polyps increased with the increase of age, and the proportion in 41-50 years old was significantly higher. Compared with patients -40 years old （ P 〈0.05）, the proportion of patients - 60 years old was the high- est. Among the 1805 polyps, there were 993 （55.01 %） adenomatous polyps, which was more that the non ade- nomatous polyps 812 （44.99%）（ P 〈0.05）. The polyps in ascending, descending, transverse and sigmoid co- lon and rectum were adenomatous polyps mainly, while polyps at ileocecus were non adenomatous polyps mainly, there were significant differences between the two （ P 〈0.05）. There were 304 cases with colon canc- er （312 polyps） detected, and the detection rate was 19.06%. There were significant differences in age, polyp size, pathological types and polyp location between patients with canceration of colorectal polyps and those without canceration （ P 〈0.01）.[Conclusion] The risk of colorectal polyps increases with the increase of age. The adenomatous polyps in the ascending, descending, transverse and sigmoid colon and rectum and non ade- nomatous polyps at ileocecus are common. Advanced age, large polyps, adenomatous polyps in the ascending colon and rectum can increase the risk of colon cancer.