中亚五国内陆渔业产业衰退析因及其重振策略探讨

Reasons for the decline of inland fisheries in central Asia and its revitalization strategies

中亚包括哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、土库曼斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦五国,是"丝绸之路经济带"的核心区域,内陆渔业资源禀赋雄厚,世界第一大湖里海以及第四大湖咸海均分布在域内。在前苏联时期中亚各国捕捞渔业和水产养殖发展态势良好,随着东欧巨变及前苏联政局陷入动荡直至解体,渔业生产急剧萎缩,至今虽有复苏但尚未能恢复到苏联时期的发展水平。本文主要基于我们前期研究基础以及FAO和世界银行等统计数据,提出对苏联解体后中亚各国渔业崩溃的原因解读,并探讨在"一带一路"框架下,中国和中亚各国可行的渔业合作方式以及重振中亚渔业的策略方法。

Central Asia includes Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, is located in the core area of China＇s proposal of the Silk Road Economic Belt. The world＇s largest lake - Caspian Sea and the fourth largest lake - Aral Sea are distributed in Central Asia. During the former Soviet Union period, the development of capture fisheries and aquaculture in the five Central Asian countries had developed in good shape. With the escalating turmoil in Eastern Europe and the turmoil in the former Soviet Union, the fisheries production has shrunk dramatically and has yet to recover from the level as during Soviet Union period. Based on our preliminary research and the statistical data of FAO and World Bank, this paper puts forward the interpretation of the causes of fisheries collapse in Central Asia after the disintegration of the Soviet Union and explores the possible approaches to revitalize the fisheries in Central Asia and cooperation between in China and Central Asian countries under the framework of ＂the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st -Century Maritime Silk Road＂ .