3种投喂模式对中华绒螯蟹性腺发育和生化组成的影响

Effects of Formulated Feed and Fresh Frozen Trash Fish on Gonadal Development and Approximate Composition of Chinese Mitten Handed Crab Eriocheir sinensis in a Pond Culture

2015年4—10月在江苏常州金坛市指前镇芦家村省级高效设施渔业示范点6口面积0.667hm^2试验塘(编号1~6#)中,投放中华绒螯蟹和日本沼虾苗种,密度分别为2.25×10~4只/hm^2和150kg/hm^2,分别投喂配合饲料、冰鲜杂鱼和饲料与冰鲜杂鱼混合,每种投喂模式设两个重复,定期测定肝胰腺指数、性腺指数、出肉率、总可食率和体成分的生化组成。试验结果显示,在体质量接近的条件下,3种投喂模式对成蟹的性腺指数和肝胰腺指数无显著影响(P>0.05),9月杂鱼组雌雄个体的性腺指数和肝胰腺指数略低于配合饲料组和混合投喂组,而混合投喂组的性腺指数略高于其他两组。不同投喂模式对各组织中华绒螯蟹的干质量中生化组成影响较小,仅杂鱼组雌蟹肝胰腺中脂肪含量为71.44%,显著低于饲料组(86.94%)和混合组(87.67%)(P<0.05)。不同投喂模式对各组中华绒螯蟹组织湿质量中生化组成无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上,用投喂配合饲料替代杂鱼投喂成蟹,可以提高雌蟹肝胰腺中的脂肪含量,而对性腺发育和生化组成无不利影响。

Chinese mitten handed crab Eriocheir sinensis were cultured in six 0.667 hm2 ponds at provincial fisheries demonstration centre in Zhi Qian Zhen Lujia village in Jintan city,Changzhou,Jiangsu province,at a stocking density of 2.25×10~4 ind./hm2,polycultrued with freshwater shrimp（Macrobrachium nipponense）at a rate of 150 kg/hm2 and fed formulated feed,frozen trash fish and mixed feed（formulated feed and trash fish）to evaluate the effects of different feed on gonadal development and body composition of Chinese mitten handed crab.The results showed that there were lower gonado-somatic index（GSI）and hepato-somatic index（HSI）in male and female crab fed trash fish than those in the crab fed formulated feed and mixed feed in September,higher GSI in the females fed mixed feed than the crab in other two treatments,without significant difference（P〉0.05）.The little influence of different feeding modes on the body composition was observed,no matter in dry or wet weight（P〉0.05）.However,the female crabs in trash fish treatment had significantly high content of lipid in hepatopancreas（P〈0.05）.In conclusion,the replacement of trash fish with formulated feed causes no adverse effect on the gonadal development and biochemical composition of adult crab,and leads to enhancement of the lipid content in hepatopancreas of females with broad application prospects.