异地引畜易发病的原因及防治措施

Reasons and Measures of Susceptible Diseases in Importing External Livestock

异地引进畜种极易引起水土不服,呼吸系统和消化系统疾病很容易发生,部分畜种死亡,或带来传染病,造成一定的经济损失,这是养殖业常见的普遍现象。搞清易发病的原因,避免或控制引畜易发病现象就显得尤为重要。以岷县寺沟乡引牛为例,引畜发病的原因主要有:运输过程的应激反应、气候差异、饲料差异、圈舍条件差、环境卫生差、畜种携带潜伏病、水土差异,水土中的微生物、矿物元素、病原体不利于畜种、海拔影响、微量元素影响、空气中的微生物等。防治措施主要有:引种前做好准备工作、严格按检疫程序办理、做好运输工作、饲料逐步更换、饮水处理、注意放牧事项、搞好环境卫生和消毒工作、海拔上逐步过渡、微量元素按标准增减、积极对症治疗等。

It is a common phenomenon that importing external livestock easily causes environmental in--adaptability, disease of the respiratory and digestive system, even lead to livestock death or infectious diseases. Finding out the causes of susceptible diseases to avoid or control livestock susceptible phenomenon is particularly important. Taken introduction cattle in Sigou town, Min country for example, there are many reasons for susceptible diseases in introduction cattle, such as, stress response between transportation, climate difference, feed difference, poor housing conditions and sanitation, latent disease carried by animals, envi- ronmental in--adaptability, microbe and mineral element in soil and water, detrimental causative agent, altitude and microele- ment effects, microbe in air. Consequently, measures are as follow, prepared well before importing external livestock, strictly fol- lowing inspection procedure, careful transportation, change feed gradually, potable water treatment, attention to graze matters, thorough cleansing and disinfection,gradual transition in altitude,decreasing microelement to standards,active treatment.