违实性“移时”表达的类别和功能

Types and Functions of the Counterfactual Time-Shifting Expressions

移时辞格的本质在于其违实性。可以分联想型、接近型和穿越型三种类型。除了跟违实相关的荒诞和幽默意味外,联想型由于隐喻映射能产生一定的讽刺性,接近型可以借助一些文化原型而沾染一些附加色彩,穿越型能引导叙事、转换视角、增加冲突,在近年的影视创作中被大量运用。

The essence of the time-shifting figures lies in its counterfactuality. It can be classified into three types： association type, proximity type and time-travel type. In addition to the absurdity and humor associated with the counterfactuality, the association type can produce some irony because of the metaphorical mapping. The proximity type can add some additional colors by means of some cultural prototypes. And the time-travel type can guide the narrations, shift the perspectives and increase the conflicts, which is widely used in films and television programs recently.