句首“所谓”、句尾“所谓”及相应句式

Suowei in the Left and Right Peripheries and Related Issues

"所谓"在句中的位置,与所引述语言单位(记为X)的性质、所构句式的语义表达之间存在密切对应关系。本文先根据是否居句首,然后根据是否含否定义,再根据句式结构,将"所谓"分解如下:"所谓1",居句首,承接篇章上文,对X有附着性,是话题标记。所构句式"所谓X,就是/是指……"表示词语解释,客观性强。"所谓2",居句中,是转述标记,X来自篇章外,是回应他人某种说法,对X含否定态度。"所谓3",居句尾,是援引标记。所构句式"……这就是所谓的X"的语义表达有四种主要类型。"所谓4",居句中,所构句式"……正/真/此+所谓X",表示引用或判断。句首和句尾这两个敏感句法位置深刻地影响了"所谓"的词义、性质和功能以及相应句式在句法、语义、修辞、篇章等方面的特点。

The positions of suowei （so-called） correspond with the nature of the constituents （henceforth as X） it introduces and the semantic expressions of the sentences it constructs. Judging by whether it takes the beginning position of a sentence, whether it indicates negative meanings, and what kind of structure it forms, suowei can be divided into the following four types. Firstly, suowei~ in the left periphery, attaching to X, is a topic marker, undertaking the analysis above. The construction ＂suowei X, jiushi＂＇＂ is an objective interpretation of a word or phrase, bearing no affirmation or negation on X. Secondly, suowei2 in the middle of a sentence is a retelling marker, with X from out of the context. It is a negative response to what has been said. Thirdly, suowei3 in the right periphery is a quotation marker. The construction ＂zhe jiushi suowei de X＂ has four types of semantics expressions. Finally, suowei4 in the middle of a sentence forming the construction ＂zheng/zhen/ci suowei X＂ indicates citation or judgment. In conclusion, the meanings, nature, functions and the constructions of suowei in Syntax, Semantics, Rhetoric and Discourse are deeply influenced by the two sensitive positions, i.e., the left and right peripheries of a sentence.