我院2012-2015年药品不良反应报告分析

Adverse Drug Reaction in Our Hospital from 2012 to 2015

目的:通过对广西壮族自治区来宾市妇幼保健院2012-2015年药品不良反应(ADR)的调查分析,了解医院ADR发生的特点和规律,促进医院合理用药。方法:统计我院2012-2015年上报的ADR情况,对引起ADR的药物、ADR各科室的分布、ADR临床表现、治疗及转归情况进行分析。结果:我院2012-2015年ADR发生频次最高的是抗菌药物和中药及中成药,其中年度抗菌药物的ADR发生频次逐步下降,而中药及中成药则呈上升趋势;儿科、产科和妇科发生ADR频次最高的药品种类分别为中药及中成药(占本科室比例23.9%)、抗病毒药物(15.2%)和激素及有关药物(25.9%);越严重的ADR转归越差;很可能等级的ADR发生频次最高,达48.8%,其中儿科、产科和妇科分别占本科室55.7%、34.4%和45.5%;静脉滴注给药方式ADR发生频次最高,其中儿科、产科和妇科占本科室比例分别为61.5%、20.0%和15.2%;ADR发生频次最高的药物是注射用双黄连,儿科、产科和妇科ADR发生频次最高的药物分别是注射用双黄连、洛匹那韦利托那韦片和戊酸雌二醇+雌二醇环丙孕酮片。结论:掌握各类药品和各临床科室药品ADR发生的特点、规律和适当的处置措施,针对性地采取干预措施可减少药品ADR的发生,促进临床合理、安全、有效用药。

Objective： To understand the characteristics and rules of hospital adverse drug reaction （ADR）,through the investigation and analysis of ADR in our hospital from 2012 to 2015,and to promote the rational drug use of hospitals.Methods： The reports of ADR were counted from 2012 to 2015,the drugs,distribution of departments,clinical manifestation,treatment and prognosis were analyzed.Results： In our hospital from 2012 to 2015,the highest frequency of drug ADR were antibacterial drugs,traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese patent medicines.The frequency of ADR in the annual antibacterial drugs decreased gradually,while the traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese patent medicine showed an upward trend.The highest frequency of ADR in department of pediatrics,obstetrics and gynecology department were Chinese herbal medicine and Chinese patent medicine （accounted for 23.9% of their own departments）,antiviral drugs （15.2%） and hormones and related drugs （25.9%）.Severe ADR had very low cure rates.The ADR＇grade of ‘be likely to ＇had the highest frequency,reached 48.8%,among which pediatric,obstetrics and gynecology department accounted for 55.7%,34.4% and 45.5% respectively.Intravenous administration had the highest frequency to cause ADR,in pediatrics,obstetrics and gynecology the proportion was 61.5%,20.0% and 15.2%.Shuanghuanglian injection had the highest frequency of drug ADR,in pediatrics,obstetrics and gynecology department the most frequent ADR drugs were Shuanghuanglian injection,lopinavir and ritonavir tablets and valerate estradiol/estradiol cyproterone tablets.Conclusion： It is necessary to take the intervention measures to reduce the occurrence of ADR and promote the clinical rationality,safety and effective administration of ADR in various drugs and clinical departments.