战后劳动力短缺对日本经济发展的影响分析

Analysis of the Impact of Labor Shortage on Japan's Economic Development after World War Ⅱ

依据经济发展与劳动力供求之间的相互联系,战后日本经济发展中共出现过三次劳动力短缺,分别发生在经济高速增长时期、泡沫经济时期、经济长期低迷时期。劳动力短缺对经济发展的影响体现在经济增长和经济结构两个层面,随着经济发展阶段以及劳动力短缺的演变而呈现出不同的特点。劳动力短缺越来越成为日本经济增长的"瓶颈",也加剧了日本经济结构的不均衡和脆弱性。目前的中国经济发展也一定程度出现了劳动力短缺的现象,通过分析日本劳动力短缺对经济发展的影响,可以给中国提供一些有益的启示和借鉴。

Based on the relationship between economic development and labor supply and demand, labor shortage in Japan＇ s economic development after World War II takes place in three periods ： the rapid economic growth period, the bubble economy period, and the long - term economic downturn period. The impact of labor shortage on economic development displays different characteristics, in terms of both economic growth and economic structure, in different economic development periods and with the evolution of labor shortage. In brief, labor shortage has increasingly become the ＂bottleneck＂ of Japan＇s economic growth. In addition, it also aggravates the imbalance and vulnerability of Japan＇ s economic structure. At present, labor shortage also occurs, to some extent, in China＇ s economic development. The analysis of the impact of Japan＇ s labor shortage upon economic development will offer some inspiration and reference for China.