职业女性的生涯交互开发模式探索

Exploration of Interactive Career Development Model

随着全面二孩政策的推行,职业女性再次面临"职业发展"与"生育子女"之间的两难选择。受一些职业女性选择在继续教育期间完成生育任务现象的启发,本文通过对10位女性MBA毕业生的质性研究,将"生涯"的内涵丰富化,提炼出"生涯交互开发"模式,交互载体决定了生涯交互开发的性质,并梳理了生涯交互开发模式的过程机理。(1)以增值型交互载体为基础将形成角色促进,依托资源拓展、能力开发、心理资本增值过程引发多角色的协调改进,可促进女性职业生涯发展;(2)以消耗型交互载体为基础将形成角色冲突,通过资源争夺、行为冲突、情绪消耗过程引起角色间内耗,将抑制女性职业生涯发展。通过调整交互载体,可改变角色之间相互影响的性质和程度,形成折中开发、并行开发、迂回开发等不同策略,实现职业生涯管理的效果。

With the enactment of the two-child policy,Chinese working women have to face the dilemma between‘career development＇and‘birth-giving mission＇.Enlightened by the phenomenon of working women giving birth during the period of continuous education,the paper employs aqualitative research method with 10 female MBA graduates,defines career as the integration of work-related career,family-related career and learning-related career,and explores an interactive career development（ICD）model for working women,and analyses the process mechanism of ICD.The interactive carriers determine the nature of ICD：Value-added carriers may contribute to role enrichment,and multiple roles＇ integration and improvement may emerge by resource expansion,ability development and psychological capital enhancement,which accordingly promotes female career development;Value-consumed carriers may lead to role conflict,and multiple roles＇ restriction may exist through resource scarcity,behaviour conflict and emotion consumption,which may finally inhibit female career development.Female workers can adjust interactive carriers to change the nature and the extent to which different roles interact with each other,and thus formulate strategies of compromise development,parallel development and detour development,to manage their career development.