住公寓照护与居家照护对AD患者及陪护者的影响

Clinical control study of effects of nursing home care and home care on Alzheimer's disease patients and caretakers

目的:探讨住公寓照护与居家照护对AD患者及其陪护者的影响。方法:把对符合条件的80例AD患者随机分为研究组(住公寓照护)和对照组(居家照护),两组分别进行公寓式照护和居家照护,干预时间为10个月。对两组患者干预前后采用简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)进行认知功能和情绪状态测试。对干预前后的两组陪护者分别行抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、总体幸福感量表(GWB)评定。结果:两组患者干预前的MMSE、HAMD、HAMA及两组患者家属的SDS、SAS、GWB评分比较,差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。干预后研究组患者及陪护者评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:住公寓照护有助于改善AD患者认知功能和情绪状态,亦有助于改善其陪护者情绪,增强总体幸福感。

Objective： To investigate effects of nursing home care on Alzheimer＇s disease（ AD） patients and their caretakers.Methods： 80 cases of AD patients meeting the inclusion criteriawere randomly divided into nursing home care groupand home care group.The two groups were intervened with nursing home care and home care for 10 months,respectively. The cognitive function and emotional states of all the patients were assessed by mini mental state examination（ MMSE）,Hamilton depression scale（ HAMD） and Hamilton anxiety scale（ HAMA） before and after the intervention,while the caretakers were evaluated with self-rating depression scale（ SDS）,self-rating anxiety scale（ SAS） and general well-being schedule（ GWB） before and after the intervention. Results：There were no significant differences in the scores of MMSE,HAMA and HAMD between the two groups before the intervention（ P〉0.05）,and there were also no significant differences in the SDS,SAS and GWB scores between the two groupsbefore the intervention（ P〉0.05）. The scores of nursing home care group and their caretakers were significantly lower than those of home care group and their caretakers after the intervention,and the differences were statistically significant（ P〈0.05）. Conclusions： The nursing home care is helpful to improve the cognitive function and emotional states of the AD patients,and it is also helpful to improve the emotional states and general well-being of their caretakers.