宋初的黄老思想与律赋

Early Song Dynasty's Rule of Huang Lao(Instrumental Taoism) and Disciplined Fu

宋沿唐制,科举考试律赋。宋代律赋一般从儒家典籍中命题,但宋初有很多律赋是从道家典籍中命题的。对这一现象,目前学界尚没有给出很好的解释。其实,宋初诸帝,尤其是太宗晚年对黄老之治非常推崇,这直接促使了律赋从道家典籍中命题。通过命题,黄老之治对宋初律赋的创作内容也产生连带影响。宋初律赋明显增加了对"道"的体认,同时倾向于用"清静无为"议论政治。王禹偁很多律赋的结尾更是对宋初黄老之治的大力颂扬。

Song Dynasty inherited Tang Dynasty’s imperial examination system and examined candidates’disciplined fu.The title of Song Dynasty’s disciplined fu generally came from Confucian classics,but many titles of early Song Dynasty came from Taoist classics.At present,there is no good explanation for this phenomenon.Actually,these emperors of early Song Dynasty,especially Tai-zong in later life respected the rule of Huang Lao very much,which directly led to that phenomenon.The rule of Huang Lao also affacted the contents of early Song Dynasty’s disciplined fu by setting topics.The knowledge about Dao increased in early Song dynasty’s disciplined fu.Meanwhile,early Song dynasty’s disciplined fu discussed politics on the standard of QUietism.Many endings of Wang Yu-cheng’s disciplined fu were obvious praises for early Song Dynasty’s rule of Huang Lao.