明代外语教育政策研究初探

Policy on Foreign Language Education in Ming Dynasty

明代建立"四夷馆"外语教育机构,规范外语教育活动,规定外语教育语种,使明代外语教育适应了国家安全、海外贸易两方面的需求,同时保障了汉语国际传播。明代外语教育政策与汉语推广相辅相成。明代外语教育注重微观规划,知识分子利用汉语自身语素创制西学新词,对今天制定国家语言政策仍有借鉴意义。

The government of Ming dynasty established the institution of 'si yi guan' to regulate foreign language education activities, and set which foreign language should be taught. All the measures adapted to the national security and foreign trade. At the same time, it guaranteed the international spread of Chinese. Policy on foreign language education and Chinese spread in Ming dynasty developed in a complementary way. Foreign language education in Ming dynasty, which focused on micro-planning and intellectuals used Chinese morphemes to create new words introduced from foreign language, had significance to formulation of national language policy at present.