几种挡土墙主动土压力理论对比及墙体应力分析

Comparison of several active earth-pressure theories and stress analysis for retaining walls

为了探究当前主要采用的几种土压力理论的差异性,以黏性水平填土为例,对比分析了3种土压力理论的土压力分布及大小变化规律,并采用有限元方法分析了挡土墙截面的应力分布情况。在水平层分析法求解过程中,提出了一种求解最不利破裂角的方法,即采用插值型求导公式求解主动土压力系数K取极大值时的θ值。研究结果表明,水平层分析法得到的土压力强度在形态上与实测值更为吻合,同时在一些影响挡土墙稳定性的重要参数上更接近实测值的分析结果,表明水平层分析法计算挡土墙主动土压力具有一定的优越性。

In order to study the difference of several most commonly used active earth-pres- sure theories, with horizontal cohesive soil for example, compared and analyzed the distri- bution and value tendency of earth pressure of these three theories, and analyzed the stress distribution of retaining walls by finite element method. A method is used in solving process for horizontal layer element method, which used interpolation derivation formula to solve the most unfavorable fracture angle θ. The results show that the distribution of horizontal layer element method is close to measured value. Meanwhile, some important parameters effect the stability of retaining walls tally with the measured value, which indicate that hori- zontal layer element method is more practical.