河北农村≤5岁留守儿童两周患病率及影响因素

Two-week morbidity and its risk factors among rural left-behind children aged ≤ 5 years in Hebei province

目的掌握河北省农村地区≤5岁留守儿童两周患病情况,分析其影响因素,为促进留守儿童健康成长提供依据。方法 2015年9月从全国第五次卫生服务调查家庭健康询问调查数据库提取河北省农村地区所有≤5岁儿童信息(1022人),描述留守与非留守儿童两周患病率特征,采用1:2条件logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果河北省农村地区≤5岁留守儿童270人(26.42%),两周患病率为15.19%(41/270),高于非留守儿童的10.51%(X^2=4.20,P=0.040)。母亲单独外出务工(OR=1.87,P=0.034)、双亲外出务工(OR=2.74;P=0.041)、祖父母抚养(OR=1.31,P=0.043)、亲戚抚养(OR=3.96,P=0.017)、非安全卫生饮用水(OR=9.09,P=0.008)易致≤5岁农村留守儿童两周患病。家庭人口4~6人(OR=0.37,P=0.042)、7~9人(OR=0.15,P=0.027)可降低该人群两周患病。结论父母长期外出务工、隔代或亲戚抚养与不安全的饮用水源易致农村地区≤5岁留守儿童两周患病,而家庭人口较多是其保护因素。

Objective To analyze two-week morbidity and its influencing factors among rural left-behind children（LBC） ≤ 5 years old in Hebei province and to provide evidences for improving health status of LBC.Methods The data on 1 022 rural children ≤ 5 years old in Hebei province were extracted from the Database of 5th National Health Services Survey conducted in 2013 to describe the status of the two-week morbidity among LBC and non-LBC.One to two matched conditional logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors for the morbidity.Results Of the children surveyed,270 （26.42%）were LBC;of which,41 were reported suffering from diseases during previous two weeks by their caregivers,with a significantly higher two-week morbidity than that of non-LBC （15.19% vs.10.51%,χ2=4.20;P=0.040）.The LBC with only mother out-migrating for work （odds ratio[OR]=1.87,P=0.034）,with both parents out-migrating for work （OR=2.74,P=0.041）,cared by grandparent （s）（OR=1.31,P=0.043） or relatives （OR=3.96,P=0.017）,consuming unhygienic drinking water （OR=9.09,P=0.008） were more likely to suffer from a disease during the previous two weeks;while the LBC in a household with 4-6 family members （OR=0.37,P=0.042） or 7-9 family members （OR=0.15,P=0.027） were more unlikely to suffer from a disease during the previous two weeks.Conclusion Long-term out-migrating for work of parents,cared by grandparent （s） or relatives,and consuming unhygienic drinking water are risk factors of two-week morbidity while living in a family with more family members is a protective factor among rural leftbehind children aged ≤ 5 years in Hebei province.