南京地区9种呼吸道病原体感染的流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on 9 kinds of respiratory tract pathogen infection in Nanjing area

目的了解南京地区呼吸道感染人群的病原学流行现状,分析其趋势与特点。方法使用9项呼吸道感染病原体IgM抗体检测试剂盒对2013年5月至2015年4月就诊于南京医科大学附属南京医院、南京医科大学附属儿童医院、南京军区南京总医院的25 057例呼吸道感染患者的血清进行IgM抗体检测。结果共检出病原体阳性8 575例(34.22%),其中肺炎支原体(MP)抗体阳性率最高,为23.77%;其次为呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)5.19%、腺病毒(ADV)4.56%、副流感病毒1、2和3型(PIVS)4.02%、乙型流感病毒(INFB)2.28%。RSV、ADV感染季节性分布明显,在冬、春季节(12月至4月)高发,夏季较低。婴幼儿到学龄前患者阳性例数最多(5 274例);MP抗体阳性率随着患者年龄增长逐渐下降。结论南京地区呼吸道感染病原体主要为MP,病原体感染与年龄组有相关性且有季节流行趋势。

Objective To understand the pathogenic epidemiological status quo among populations with respiratory tract infectious in Nanjing area. Methods The IgM antibody detection reagent kit against 9 kinds of respiratory tract pathogen was used to conduct the IgM antibody detection in 25 057 patients with respiratory tract infection in the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Chtldrenrs Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region from May 2013 to April 2015. Results A total of 8 575 cases（34.22%） of pathogen positive were detected out,in which Pneumonia mycoplasma （MP） antibody had the highest positive rate （23.77%） ; followed by respiratory syncytial virus （ RSV, 5.19 % ）, adenovirus （ ADV, 4：56 % ）, Parainfluenza virus type 1,2 and 3 （PIVS, 4.02 %） and influenza B virus （INFB, 2.28 % ）. The seasonal distribution of RSV, ADV and PIVS was significant and had high onset in winter and spring, but low onset in summer and autumn. Infants and young children had maximal positive cases in preschool period, which were 5 274 eases;as a whole,MP IgM antibody positive rate was gradually decreased with the age increase. Conclusion MP is the main pathogen causing respiratory tract infections in Nanjing area, followed by RSV. The pathogenic infection has a correlation with the age group,moreover which demon- strates the seasonal epidemic trend.