方东美的智慧美论

On Fang Dongmei's View of Wisdom Aesthetics

方东美的智慧观融合了西方认知理论和中国哲学的生命价值论,并借用印度佛学中的境界理论,集中体现了其包容中西的哲学思维特征,这正与艺术和美的人文关怀原则相通。方东美指出哲学家终生所求的就是大智度大慧解,各个个人的哲学智慧即自证慧寄托在全民族的精神文化中,互相吸收、摄取,形成的是共命慧。他将全世界民族的共命慧分为四种:希腊、欧洲、印度、中国,每种共命慧身上又藏着三种美学精神。

Fang Dongmei＇s view of wisdom aesthetics mixes together western cognitive theory and China＇s life value theory, and borrows realm theory from India＇s Buddhism. So it reflects such a philosophical thought that combines eastern and western knowledge, which coincides with the humanistic care principle of arts and aesthetics. Fang pointed out that what philosophers seek for their whole life is great wisdom and deep understanding, and philosophical wisdom of each person, namely, self- verification wisdom, is contained in the spiritual culture of whole nation, both absorbing and assimilating with each other and forming the wisdom of common fate. Besides, Fang divided the wisdom of common fate of all nations in the world into four types, Greece, Europe, India and China, each of which contains three types of aesthetic spirit.