街区空间人群行为信息层研究分析——基于对《清明上河图》的解读

Crowd Behavior Information Layer of Block Space:A Study Based on the Interpretation of the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival

《清明上河图》中的街区空间反映了大量的人群行为信息,从非物质要素维度对其进行研究可形成对空间组合、建筑形态、街市肌理等既有研究方向的重要补充。引入人群行为信息层的系统分析模式,从表层信息中识别《清明上河图》中人群数量为786人;于中层信息判定人群行为分布于5个空间区段,并表现为穿行、买卖、劳务、观赏、交往、休憩、娱乐、卜卦、服务、祭祀10类行为状态;于信息里层得出行为分布随空间推进表现为波动型增长、表现为"梳理"与"展示"空间、汴河上游及虹桥空间、街市空间行为分布分别呈双向、单向选择性、汴河中下游空间行为结构稳定性最强,郊野空间最弱。

Block space in the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival contains much crowd behavior information, hence to study it from the dimension of non-material elements can make an important supplement to the existing research directions, for example, spatial array, architectural form, downtown structure and so on. By introducing the systematic analytical pattern of crowd behavior information layer, this study identified according to surface layer information that the number of the people in the painting is 786, and deemed according to middle layer information that crowd behaviors distribute in 5 spatial sections and can be classified into 10 types, which include walking, dealing, laboring, watching, communicating, resting, entertaining, divining, serving and sacrificing. Besides, this study found according to inner layer information that distribution of crowd behaviors shows a wave-like increase as space changes, that behavior distribution in the ＂teasing＂ and ＂displaying＂ space, upper stream of the Bianhe River and rainbow-shaped bridge space and downtown space shows the bidirectional and unidirectional types, and that spatial behavior in the middle and lower stream of the Bianhe River space is of the strongest stability while that in the outskirt space the weakest.