不同倍性葡萄品种的快繁效率差异分析

Efficiency of Rapid Propagation of Different Grape Varieties

以四倍体"玫瑰香"、四倍体"巨玫"、二倍体"玫瑰香"3种不同倍性的葡萄品种为试材,采用组培快繁技术,研究了采样时间、启动继代培养、生根诱导、练苗移栽等过程对快繁效率的影响,以期为优良葡萄品种的快速繁殖提供参考依据。结果表明:最适田间取样时间为5月中旬,诱导和继代最适培养基分别如下。改良MS+6-BA 1.1mg·L^(-1);改良MS+6-BA 1.1mg·L^(-1)+KT 0.5mg·L^(-1),在相同培养条件下,四倍体"玫瑰香"和四倍体"巨玫"不定芽增殖倍数高于二倍体"玫瑰香",在生根培养过程中二倍体"玫瑰香"表现出优于四倍体"玫瑰香"及四倍体"巨玫"的生根能力,最适生根培养基分别为1/2MS+NAA0.30mg·L^(-1)、1/2MS+IAA 0.50mg·L^(-1)和1/2MS+IBA 0.10mg·L^(-1),练苗最适基质为蛭石∶泥炭(1∶1)的混合基质,成活率可达90%以上。

Three different ploidy grape tetraploid ＇Muscat Hamburg＇ ＇Jumei＇,diploid ＇Muscat Hamburg＇ were used as materials in this study.The effect of different hormones and hormone concentration in the tissue culture and different sampling time on the efficiency of rapid propagation.The results showed that the optimum sampling time was in mid-May,the suitable medium for the induction and subculture were MS＋6-BA 1.1mg·L^（-1）＋KT 0.5mg·L^（-1）;MS＋6-BA 1.1mg·L^（-1）＋KT 0.5mg·L^（-1）.In the same culture condition,adventitious bud proliferation times of the tetraploid＇ Muscat Hamburg＇and tetraploid ＇Jumei＇ was higher than diploid ＇Muscat Hamburg＇.In the rooting process,diploid ＇Muscat Hamburg＇ showed better than ＇Jumei＇ and tetraploid ＇Muscat Hamburg＇.The optimum rooting medium were 1/2MS＋NAA 0.30mg·L^（-1）,1/2MS＋IAA 0.50 mg·L^（-1） and 1/2MS＋IBA 0.10 mg·L^（-1） respectively for three grape cultivars.The optimum mixed ratio of vermiculite and peat was 1∶1 for acclimatization,the survival rate was more than 90%.