不同体积椰糠与珍珠岩混合基质对甜瓜幼苗生长的影响

Effect of Different Volume Mixed Substrate of Coir Dust and Perlite on Growth of Melon Seedling

以薄皮甜瓜品种"日本甜宝"为试材,研究了不同体积的椰糠与珍珠岩混合基质对营养钵中甜瓜幼苗生长和幼苗质量的影响,以期为甜瓜无土育苗提供参考依据。结果表明:不同的育苗基质体积对甜瓜幼苗的株高、叶片数、叶面积、地上下部干鲜质量、根冠比、壮苗指数、光合速率、蒸腾速率和根系琥珀酸脱氢酶活性均有明显的影响。育苗体积不仅影响了幼苗的生长指标、同化物积累、光合特征和根系吸收功能,同时影响了同化物的分配特性和幼苗质量。育苗基质体积较小时,基质水肥供应及其缓冲性的不足制约了幼苗的生长发育,而当育苗基质体积超过290mL时,根际较大的保湿性也不利于具有耐旱性的甜瓜幼苗的生长发育。试验初步证明,290mL是甜瓜基质育苗的适宜体积。

Muskmelon（Cucumis melo L.var.makuwa Makino）cultivar ‘Ribentianbao’ was used as the experimental material,effect of different volume mixed substrate of coir dust and perlite on growth and quality of melon seedling cultured in nutrition bowl were studied in order to support reference base for determining suitable volume of mixed substrate of coir dust and perlite in raising soilless melon seedling.The results indicated that plant height,leaf number,leaf area,dry and fresh weight of shoot and root,root to shoot ratio,round seedling index,photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,root activity of succinic dehydrogenase of melon seedling were all distinctly affected by different volume of raising seedling substrate.Thus it could be seen that growth parameters,assimilative accumulation,photosynthetic characteristics and root absorption function of seedling were affected,distribution property of assimilation and seedling quality also affected by raising seedling volume.Growth and development of seedling were restricted by deficiencies of water and fertilizer supply and cushioning of substrate when lesser volume of raising seedling substrate was used,while greater holding moisture capability of rhizosphere was not beneficial to growth and development of melon seedling which possessed resistance to drought when volume of raising seedling substrate was greater than 290mL.It was preliminarily proved by this experiment that 290 mL was suitable substrate volume for raising melon seedling.